*Lap trinh huong doi tuong la gi?”…Lap trinh huong doi tuong la phuong phap moi cua lap trinh may tinh, nham lam cho chuong trinh tro len linh hoat, de phat trien.”
*Co the noi dac diem co ban cua lap trinh huong doi tuong the hien o:”…Tinh dong goi, tinh ke thua, tinh da hinh, tinh truu tuong.”
*OOP la viet tat cua tu:”…Object Oriented Programming.”
*Chon cau dung”…Ngon ngu lap trinh pascal, C la ngon ngu lap trinh cau truc.”
*Chon cau sai:”… “Ngon ngu Pascal la ngon ngu lap trinh huong doi tuong.”
*Tinh bao goi la:”…Co che rang buoc du lieu va thao tac tren du lieu do thanh mot the thong nhat, tranh duoc cac tac dong bat ngo tu ben ngoai. The thong nhat nay goi la doi tuong.”
*Tinh ke thua la:”…Kha nang xay dung cac lop moi tu cac lop cu, lop moi duoc goi la lop dan xuat, lop cu duoc goi la lop co so.”
*Su dong goi la:”…“Encapsulation”
*Su truu tuong la:”… “Abstraction
*Su thua ke la:”…Inheritance.”
*Tinh da hinh la:”…“Polymorphism.”
*Trong ke thua. Lop moi duoc goi la:”…Derived Class.”
*Trong ke thua. Lop cu duoc goi la:”… “Base Class.”
*Tinh da hinh la gi:”…Kha nang mot thong diep co the thay doi cach the hien cua no theo lop cu the cua doi tuong duoc nhan thong diep.”
*Lop la:”…“Mot thiet ke hay mau cho cac doi tuong cung kieu.”
*Chon cau dung:”… “Doi tuong la the hien cu the cua lop.”
*Hay cho biet trong vi du duoi day vi du nao the hien la doi tuong.”…Tat ca deu dung.”
*Hay cho biet trong vi du duoi day vi du nao the hien khong phai la doi tuong.”… “Nang.”
*Hay cho biet trong vi du sau vi du nao chung to tinh da hinh.”..Cac lop Diem, Hinh tron, Hinh vuong, Hinh chu nhat… deu co phuong thuc Ve.”
*Phuong phap lap trinh tuan tu la:”…“Phuong phap lap trinh voi cach liet ke cac lenh ke tiep.”
*Hay cho biet doan chuong trinh C++ sau lam gi?
“class A
“{
“private:” _
“ int x,y;
“};…
Doan chuong trinh tren khai bao A la mot lop voi hai thanh phan thuoc tinh la x, y kieu so nguyen.”
*De truy cap vao thanh phan cua lop ta phai:”…Truy cap thong qua ten lop hay ten doi tuong cua lop.”
*Trong lap trinh huong doi tuong kha nang cac ham co the trung ten nhau goi la:” … “Su chong ham.”
*Khi xay dung mot lop ta can xay dung thanh phan:”…“Thuoc tinh va phuong thuc cua lop”;
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:”
class A
{
“public:”
“int m,n;
“}”
“ void main()”
“{“
“A *P;”
“}”
@De truy cap den thanh phan m cua lop A thong qua bien P cau lenh nao sau day la dung.”…“P->m”
*Khi bien dich bao loi vi sao?
“class A”
“{
“private:”
“int x;
“public:”
“void nhap();”
“};_
“void main()”
“{”
“A obj1;_
“obj1.nhap();” & vbCrLf & _
“}”…“Khong dinh nghia noi dung cua phuong thuc nhap.”
*Doan chuong trinh khi bien dich phap sinh ra loi khong khai bao bien x tai dong cin<<x;. Can sua la
“class A
“{
private: _
“int x;”
“public:
void nhap();”
“};”
“void nhap();”
“{
“cout<< “\n Nhap x”; cin>>x;”
“}”
“void main() {}“…Sua dong void nhap(); thu hai thanh void A::nhap();”
*Chon cau dung:”… Tai chuong trinh chinh chi co the truy cap den thanh phan public cua lop.”
*Hay tim loi trong doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A {
“private:
“int x;
“public:
“int y;
“};
“void main() {
“ A obj1;”
“obj1.x=10;
“obj2.y=8;
“}”…“Loi tai dong obj1.x=10;”
*Hay cho biet loi obj1.x=10 trong doan chuong trinh sau la gi?”
“class A
{
“private:
“int x;”
“public:
“int y;”
“};
“void main() {”
“ A obj1;”
“obj1.x=10;
“obj2.y=8;
“}”…Khong the truy cap vao thanh phan private cua lop
*Khai bao mot lop trong C++ su dung tu khoa:”…class.”
*Thanh phan private cua lop la thanh phan:”…“Khong cho phep truy xuat tu ben ngoai cua lop chi co cac phuong thuc ben trong lop moi co the truy xuat duoc.”
*Thanh phan protected cua lop la thanh phan:”…Khong cho phep truy xuat tu ben ngoai cua lop nhung cho phep lop ke thua truy xuat toi.”
*Thanh phan public cua lop la thanh phan:”…Cho phep truy xuat tu ben trong va ngoai lop va cho phep ke thua.”
*Ham thanh vien cua lop:”…“Tat ca cac ham(ham tra ve gia tri va khong tra ve gia tri) duoc khai bao ben trong lop, xay dung ben trong hay ben ngoai lop.”
*Mot chuong trinh C++ cho phep khai bao toi da bao nhieu lop.”…“Vo so tuy theo bo nho.”
*Ham thanh vien cua lop khac ham thong thuong la:”… “Ham thanh vien cua lop phai duoc khai bao ben trong lop va duoc goi nho ten doi tuong hay ten lop con ham thong thuong thi khong.”
*Thuoc tinh la:”…“La du lieu trinh bay cac dac diem cua mot doi tuong.”
*Phuong thuc la:”… “Lien quan toi nhung thu ma doi tuong co the lam. Mot phuong thuc dap ung mot chuc nang tac dong len du lieu cua doi tuong.”
*Cho lop nguoi hay xac dinh dau la cac thuoc tinh cua lop nguoi:”…Chan, Tay, Mat, Mui, Ten, Ngay sinh.”
*Cho lop so phuc hay xac dinh thanh phan thuoc tinh cua lop so phuc:”…“Phan thuc, phan ao.”
*Cho lop Diem hay xac dinh thanh phan phuong thuc cua lop Diem.”…Dich chuyen, Thiet lap toa do.”
*Thuoc tinh can xay dung cua lop Da thuc gom:”… “Bac va He so”
*Cu phap cua loi goi toi ham thanh vien cua lop:”… “Ten_lop::Ten_ham hoac Ten_doi_tuong.Ten_ham.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau hay chi ra dong sai
“class Phanso{(1)
“private:(2) _
“int ts,ms;(3)
“public:(4)
“Phanso(int ts1=0,int ms1=1);(5)
“void nhap();(6)
“void xuat();(7)
“}(8)”…Sai tai dong 8”
*Phuong phap lap trinh cau truc la:”…Phuong phap lap trinh voi viec cau truc hoa du lieu va cau truc hoa chuong trinh de tranh cac lenh nhay.”
*Phuong phap lap trinh module la:”… “Phuong phap lap trinh duoc cau truc nghiem ngat voi cau truc dang module.”
*Hay cho biet quan he giua lop Diem(2 chieu) va lop Hinh tron la quan he gi?”…Lop Hinh tron ke thua lop Diem.”
*Ham tao trong C++:”…“Tat ca deu dung”
*Ham huy trong C++ co cu phap:”…“Destructor Ten_ham {//noi dung}”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau
“class A{
“private:
“int x,y;
“public:
“A(int x=0,int y=0);
“void xuat();
“~A();
“};”
@A(int x=0,int y=0); duoc goi la:”…Ham tao”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau
“class A{
“private:
“int x,y;
“public:
“A(int x=0,int y=0);
“void xuat();
“~A();
“};_
@~A(); duoc goi la:”… “Ham huy”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau
“class A{
“private:
“int x,y;
“public: _
“A(int x=0,int y=0);
“friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, A T);
“~A();
“};
@friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, A T); duoc goi la:”…Toan tu (xuat) ban cua lop A ”
*Cho khai bao sau x,y duoc goi la:
“class Diem {
“private:
“int x,y;
“public:
“void Nhap();
“void Xuat();
“};”…Thuoc tinh cua lop Diem”
*Cho khai bao sau Nhap, Xuat duoc goi la:
“class Diem {
“private:
“int x,y;
“public:
“void Nhap();
“void Xuat();
“};”…Phuong thuc cua lop Diem.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class Diem {_
“float x,y ;
“public:
“…
“};
“class Doanthang{
“Diem A,B;
“public:
“…
“};
@Lop Doanthang duoc goi la:”… “Lop bao cua lop Diem.”
*Lop bao la lop:”… “Co thanh phan thuoc tinh la doi tuoc cua lop khac.”
*Ham tao la:”…Ham tao la ham thanh vien cua lop dung de khoi tao bo nho va gia tri ban dau cho cac thuoc tinh trong lop.”
*Ham huy la gi?”…Ham huy dung de huy (giai phong) bo nho cho cac thanh phan thuoc tinh ben trong lop.”
*Ham tao sao chep la:”…“Tat ca deu dung.”
*Khi xay dung lop so nguyen(SN), de khai bao toan tu tang sau ta su dung cau lenh khai bao nao trong cac cau lenh sau”...SN operator++(int);”
*Trong khai bao lop Da thuc(DT) duoi day:
“class DT {
“private:
“int m;//bac cua da thuc
“float *a;//Cac he so cua da thuc
“public:
“};
@ Bat buoc phai xay dung:”…“Tat ca cac ham tren”
* Loi goi ham tao trong C++…. Goi nhu ham thanh vien thong thuong ( Ten doi tuong.Ten_ham )
*Ta khai bao lop co so ao khi nao?”… “ Khi co su trung lap lop ke thua trong da ke thua va ke thua nhieu muc.”
*Cach khai bao lop co so ao”& vbCrLf & _… “class Ten_lop_dan_xuat : virtual [public][private][protected] ten_lop_co_so ”
*Trong ke thua.”… “Ke thua tat ca cac phuong thuc thuoc tinh khai bao trong phan protected, public va khong ke thua ham tao, ham huy.”
*Co may loai ham tao(ham dung)?”… “Hai loai.”
*Su tuong ung boi la gi?”…Kha nang moi doi tuong cua lop cha co the chua duoc dia chi doi tuong lop con.”
*Loi goi phuong thuc ao?”…Goi nhu phuong thuc thong thuong.”
*Co may loai ham huy?”…Mot loai.”
*Hay chon phat bieu sai:” ..Co hai loai ham huy co doi va khong doi.”
*Trong khai bao duoi day sai o dong nao?… Dong 6 va 5”
“class Diem (1)
“{(2)
“private: int x,y;(3)
“public: (4)
“void Diem(int x,int y);(5)
“void ~Diem();(6)_
“};(7)”…
*Hay cho biet y nghia dong so 5 trong khai bao sau:
“class Diem { (1)
“private:
“int x,y;(2)”
“public:(3)”
“….._
“};(4)
“class Hinhtron: public Diem (5)”
“ {
“private: r:real;(6)
“};…Khai bao lop Hinhtron ke thua public lop Diem.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A {
“private:
“int x,y;
“};
@Cho lop B ke thua lop A de truy cap vao thanh phan x,y cua lop A ta chon kieu ke thua gi?”… “Khongthe truy cap duoc vi thanh phan private la khong the ke thua.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A{
“private:
“int x,y;
“void Nhap();
“};
@Cho lop B ke thua public lop A, de lop B co the truy cap den phuong thuc Nhap ta phai:”…De phuong thuc Nhap cua lop A thuoc thanh phan public hoac protected.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A{
“private:
“int x,y;
“protected:
“void Nhap();
“};
@Lop B ke thua lop A, de phuong thuc Nhap cua lop A tro thanh thanh phan private cua lop B ta chon loai ke thua la:”… “Private.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A {
“ private:
“ int x,y;
“ public:
“ void Nhap();
“};
@Lop B ke thua lop A, de phuong thuc Nhap cua lop A tro thanh thanh phan public cua lop B ta chon loai ke thua la:”… “Public.
*Co may loai ke thua?”… “3”
*Co nhung loai ke thua nao?”…Private, Public, Protected.”
*Trong mot lop co the co bao nhieu ham dung. “…Nhieu ham dung, cac ham dung khac nhau ve tham doi. “
*Trong mot lop co the co bao nhieu ham huy.”… “Mot.”
*Tinh chat cua ke thua dang Private la:”….Thanh phan protected, public cua lop cha tuong ung tro thanh thanh phan private cua lop con. “
*Tinh chat ke thua dang Protected la:”…Thanh phan protected, public cua lop cha tuong ung tro thanh thanh phan protected cua lop con. “
*Tinh chat ke thua dang Public la:”…Thanh phan protected cua lop cha tuong ung tro thanh thanh phan protected cua lop con va thanh phan public cua lop cha tuong ung tro thanh public cua lop con.“
*Trong ke thua co the ke thua toi da bao nhieu muc.”… “Vo so muc”
*Trong da ke thua co the ke thua toi da bao nhieu lop?”…Vo so lop.”
*Cho lop A va lop B, lop A ke thua lop B trong hai lop deu co phuong thuc Xuat. Neu khai bao doi tuong obj thuoc lop A khi goi den phuong thuc Xuat(obj.Xuat( )) la goi den phuong thuc cua lop nao.”…Lop A.”
*Cho lop A, B, C trong do lop C ke thua lop A,B. Trong lop A, B deu co phuong thuc Xuat, khi khai bao doi tuong obj thuoc lop C thi neu goi den phuong thuc Xuat (obj.Xuat()) thi phuong thuc Xuat cua lop nao se duoc goi?”…Loi khong the xac dinh duoc.”
*Trong ke thua nhieu muc co cho phep su trung ten giua cac phuong thuc va thuoc tinh khong?”…Cho phep trung ten ca phuong thuc lan thuoc tinh.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A{
“…
“public:
“void Xuat();
“};
“class B:public A {
“….
“public:”
“void Xuat();
“};
“void main() {
“B O;
@Neu goi O.Xuat(); thi se…. “Goi den phuong thuc Xuat thuoc lop B.”
*Lop co so truu tuong la gi?”…La lop lam co so cho cac lop khac va khong duoc dan xuat tu bat ki lop nao.”
*Thanh vien tinh cua lop la gi?” …La thanh vien cua lop duoc khai bao voi tu khoa static o truoc.”
*Ham ban la:”…La ham ban cua lop duoc phep truy cap den thanh phan private cua lop.”
*Cau lenh khai bao toan tu thanh vien cua lop:”…Kieu_du_lieu[void] operator Toan_tu (Tham doi).”
*Cach khai bao cac phuong thuc trong lop co so truu tuong.”… “Tat ca deu dung.”
*Khai bao phuong thuc ao:”… “Giong khai bao phuong thuc thuong nhung dung dau la tu khoa virtual;”
*Cho biet cach khai bao phuong thuc ao nao sau day la dung:”… “Virual void[kieu_du_lieu] Ten_phuong_thuc ([cac tham doi]) Virual;”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A {_
“ private:_
“ int x,y;
“ public:
“ void Xuat(); virtual;
“};
@Hay nhan dinh phat bieu dung:”…Loi tai dong void Xuat(); virtual;”
*Mot lop co the co toi da bao nhieu phuong thuc ao?”…Vo so.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A {
“int x,y;
“public:_
“void Nhap();
“void Xuat();
“};
“class B:public A{
“private: float z;
“};
“void main()
“{ A A1;B B1;
“A1=B1;
“B1=A1;
“getch();
“}
@Hay cho biet doan chuong trinh tren loi tai dau?”…“Tai cau lenh B1=A1;”
*Chon phat bieu dung:
@Lap trinh huong doi tuong:”… “Tat ca deu dung.”
*Cho biet cac vi du sau vi du nao chung to tinh ke thua:”…Tat ca deu dung.”
*Lop Ban cua mot lop” …La lop co the truy cap den thanh phan private,protected va public cua lop ma no lam ban.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau
“ class A;
“class B;
“class A{
“ friend class B;
“…”
“};
“class B {
“…
“};_
@Dong lenh friend class B; co nghia la:”…Khai bao lop B la ban lop A.”
*Dac tinh khi dung template la:”… Tiet kiem duoc ma, tang tinh linh dong cua chuong trinh, tang kha nang su dung lai.”
*Trong ke thua cho phep:” …Con tro cua lop dan xuat chua dia chi lop co so.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“class A{…};
“class B:public A
“{
“…”
“};
“void main(){
“{”
“A *p,a;
“B*q,b;
“p=&b;
“q=&a;
“}
@Khi bien dich chuong trinh bao loi tai ham main la do sai o dong:”… “A *p,a;”
*Cho lop tam giac tao boi ba diem A, B, C. Hay cho biet quan he giua lop tam giac va lop diem la:” ...Tam giac la lop bao cua lop diem.”
*Cho lop duong thang tao boi 2 diem A, B. Hay cho biet quan he giua lop duong thang va lop diem:” …Duong thang la lop bao cua lop diem.”
*Xay dung lop duong thang y=ax+b hay cho biet thuoc tinh cua lop duong thang nay la:”… “Cac he so a, b.”
*Xay dung lop hinh chu nhat tao boi hai canh a, b. De khai bao ham tao voi tham so mac dinh ta khai bao:” …Hinhchunhat(float a=1, float b=1);”
*Xay dung lop hinh chu nhat tao boi hai canh a, b. De khai bao ham tao sao chep ta khai bao nhu the nao:” …Hinhchunhat(const Hinhchunhat &H);”
*Khi xay dung toan tu nhap xuat cho doi tuong ta phai xay dung:” …La ham ban cua lop;”
*Can xay dung lop Diem trong he toa do xOy, de nhap diem dung toan tu cin ta phai xay dung:”… Toan tu ban >>;”
*Can xay dung lop Diem trong he toa do xOy, de nhap diem dung toan tu cout ta phai xay dung:” …Toan tu ban<<.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“1. class Tag”
“2. {
“3. private:
“4. Diem A,B,C;
“5. public:
“6. Tag(Diem X, Diem Y, Diem Z):A(X),B(Y),C(Z){}”
“7. Tag(const Tag&T);
“8. ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, Tag T);
“9. istream &operator>>(istream &is, Tag &T);
“10.float Dt();
“11.float Cv();
“12. };
@ Doan khai bao lop tren sai o dong:”…8 va 9”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
“1. class Tag”
“2. {
“3. private:
“4. Diem A,B,C;
“5. public:”
“6. Tag(Diem X, Diem Y, Diem Z):A(X),B(Y),C(Z){}”
“7. Tag(const Tag&T);
“8. ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, Tag T);
“9. istream &operator>>(istream &is, Tag &T);
“10.float Dt();
“11.float Cv();
“12. };
@Doan khai bao lop tren khi bien dich thay sai o dong 8 va 9, phai sua la:”…Them tu khoa friend vao dau khai bao hai toan tu do.”
*Khi dua cac lop thuc te vao quan ly trong may tinh ta nhan thay moi doi tuong thuc te co vo so thuoc tinh nhung voi moi bai toan cu the ta chi xac dinh cac lop chi gom mot so thuoc tinh nhat dinh. Cach thuc do goi la:”… “Su truu tuong hoa du lieu.”
*Trong lop co thanh phan thuoc tinh la kieu con tro hay tham chieu thi bat buoc phai:”…Xay dung ham huy”
*Khi khai bao thanh phan thuoc tinh va phuong thuc cua lop, neu khong khai bao tu khoa private, public hay protected thi mat dinh se la: ”… “private”
*Xay dung lop diem trong he toa do Oxyz cac thuoc tinh cua lop la: ”…Tung do, hoanh do, cao do”
*Hay cho biet thanh phan thuoc tinh cua lop da thuc xay dung bang mang: ”…Bac, mang he so”
*Doan khai bao thuoc tinh cua lop da thuc la:
“class Dathuc”
“{
private:”
“int bac;
“float *hs;
“}”;
*Cu phap xay dung toan tu cong cua lop Dathuc la ”…Dathuc operator+(Dathuc D);”
*Cho lop Dathuc, de thuc hien khai bao sau ma khong loi:
“void main()
“{
“Dathuc D1,D2(D1);
“}
@Ta can xay dung:”..Ham tao khong doi va ham tao sao chep;”
*Xay dung ham tao sao chep cua lop Diem khai bao theo cu phap sau: ”…Diem (const Diem &D);”
*De tinh khoang cach hai diem trong lop diem ta xay dung phuong thuc tinh khoang cach hai diem theo cu phap sau: float KC2D(Diem D); Loi goi den phuong thuc de tinh khoang cach hai diem la: ”…“cout<<D1.KC2D(D2);”
*Trong ke thua, lop dan xuat co the ke thua cac phuong thuc va thuoc tinh cua l op co so nhung khong: ”…Ke thua ham tao, toan tu gan”
*Lop HT(hinh tron) ke thua lop Diem nhung khong ke thua ham tao vi vay khi xay dung ham tao lop HT ta phai goi toi ham tao lop Diem. Cau lenh khai bao ham tao khong doi cua lop HT va goi ham tao lop Diem la: ”…HT():Diem() { r=0; }”
*Trong lop phan so khai bao: Phanso(int ts=0,int ms=1); La : ”…Ham tao co tham so mac dinh cua lop Phanso”
*Hay cho biet trong cac vi du sau vi du nao the hien su ke thua : ”…Lop Giao Vien va lop Nguoi”
*Cho lop B, C ke thua lop A; Lop D ke thua lop B va C. Khi do doi tuong cua lop D khong the ke thua duoc thanh phan cua A. Can phai : ”…Khai bao A la lop co so ao doi voi B va C.”
*Loi goi cua phuong thuc xuat phat tu con tro la : ”…Khong giong voi loi goi phuong thuc xuat phat tu doi tuong.”
*Khi xay dung lop doi tuong cong viec can lam la: ”…“Tat ca cac phuong an deu dung.”
*Khi khai bao lop A la ban cua lop B thi: ”…Chua chac lop B da la ban cua lop A.”
*Cho khai bao sau:
“class A;
“class B;
“class A{
“private:
“int x;
“public:
“friend class B;
“};
@Khai bao tren chi ra rang:”.. “Lop B la ban cua lop A va co the truy cap den thanh phan x cua lop A.”
*Mot lop co the: ”…Tat ca cac phuong an deu dung.”
*Chong ham la: ”…Kha nang cac ham co the trung ten nhau nhung khac nhau ve: kieu du lieu tra ve hoac kieu du lieu cua tham so hoac so luong tham so truyen vao.”
*Xay dung lop Hinh_hoc la lop co so cho cac lop Hinh_vuong, Hinh_tron, Hinh_cn, Hinh_tamgiac. Nhan thay cac lop nay deu co phuong phuong thuc tinh D_Tich(dien tich). Tuy nhien ket qua cua cua cac phuong thuc D_Tich ung voi cac doi tuong cua cac lop dan xuat la khac nhau. Dieu nay the hien tinh: ”… “Da hinh”
*Trong ke thua cho phep: ”…Con tro cua lop cha chua dia chi cua lop con”
*Cach khai bao ke thua trong ngon ngu C++ la: ”…“class Ten_lop_dan_xuat:private|public|protected Ten_lop_co_so {//noi dung lop dan xuat};”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:”
“class Phanso”
“{
“private:
“int ts,ms;
“ public:
“Phanso(int ts=0,int ms=1);
“Phanso(const Phanso &P);
“friend ostream&operator<<(ostream &os, Phanso P);
“friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, Phanso &P);
“Phanso operator+(Phanso P);
“Phanso operator-(Phanso P);
“ Phanso operator*(Phanso P);
“Phanso operator/(Phanso P);”
“};
@Neu khai bao hai phan so P1, P2 de cong phai phan so ta su dung cau lenh:”..“P3=P1+P2;”
*Bat buoc phai xay dung ham tao va ham huy cua lop khi: ”…“Lop co thanh vien la kieu con tro hay tham chieu”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau: ”
“class Phanso
“{
“private:
“int ts,ms;
“ public:
“Phanso(int ts1, int ms1){ts=ts1;ms=ms1;}_
“};
“void main()”
“{
“Phan so P1,P2(3,4);
“}
@Cau lenh khai bao Phanso P1 bi bao loi vi:” …Goi toi ham tao khong doi ma chuong trinh lai khong xay dung. ”
*Moi quan he giua lop Nguoi va lop Sinh vien la: ”… “Lop Nguoi la lop co so cho lop Sinh Vien.”
*Moi quan he giua lop Mon Hoc va lop Sinh vien la: ”… “Lop Mon Hoc la lop doi tuong thanh phan cua lop Sinh Vien.”
*Cach khai bao lop co so ao la: ”… “Ten_lop_dan_xuat:virtual private|protected|public Ten_lop_co_so {//noi dung lop co so};”
*Cho doan chuong trinh:
“class Diem
“{
“float x,y;
“public:
“Diem(){x=0;y=0}; //ham tao khong doi
“Diem(float x,float y);//ham tao co doi
“};
“ class HT:public Diem
“{
“ private:
“float r;
“public:
“HT(){r=1;};
“ HT(float x1,float y1, float r1){r=r1;};
“};
@Doan chuong trinh tren khi khai bao 1 hinh tron (HT H1;) thi hinh tron H1 nay co:”…Khong xac dinh duoc tam vi theo tinh chat ke thua khong ke thua ham tao, o lop dan xuat phai goi ham tao cua lop co so.”
*Cho doan chuong trinh:
“class Diem
“{
“float x,y;
“public:
“Diem(){x=0;y=0}; //ham tao khong doi
“Diem(float x,float y);//ham tao co doi
“};
“ class HT:public Diem
“{
“ private:
“float r;
“ public:
“ HT(){r=1;};
“ HT(float x1,float y1, float r1){r=r1;};
“};
@Doan chuong trinh tren khi khai bao 1 hinh tron (HT H1;) thi hinh tron H1 nay chua xac dinh duoc tam vi theo tinh chat ke thua khong ke thua ham tao ta phai tu trieu goi ham tao cua lop co so o lop dan xuat. De xac dinh tam cho hinh tron H1 la 0,0 ta can sua la:”…HT():Diem(){r=1;};”
*De dua doi tuong trong thuc te vao may tinh ta can chu trong den tinh: ”…Truu tuong du lieu va truu tuong chuc nang”
*Mot lop co the co bao nhieu lop co so ao: ”...Vo so.”
*Cau truc chung cua khai bao template la: ”…template < [typelist] [, [ arglist ]] > declaration.”
*Cho lop Time nhu sau:
“ class time {
“ int hour,min, sec;
“ public:
“ void addHour(int h);}
@Khi xay dung phuong thuc addHour ben ngoai lop Time ta phai viet la:”… “void time::addHour(int h){//Noi dung}”
*Cho lop Diem nhu sau:
@Trong lop Diem tren thi KC2D co ten goi la:”…Ham ban cua lop Diem”
*Cho lop Diem nhu sau:
@Trong lop Diem tren thi KC2D co ten goi la:”…Ham ban cua lop Diem”
*Cho lop Diem nhu sau:
@Trong lop Diem tren thi de goi toi ham KC2D ta su dung cau lenh:”…“KC2D(D1,D2);”
*Cho khai bao sau:
@Tu khai bao tren, hay xac dinh cau khang dinh nao sau day la sai:”…Cac phuong thuc cua lop B co quyen truy cap den tat ca cac thanh vien rieng cua lop A”
*Cho lop Diem nhu sau:
@Trong lop Diem tren thi de goi toi ham KC2D ta su dung cau lenh:”…“D1::KC2D(D2);”
*Xay dung lop Da thuc gom bac va cac he so; so luong he so phu thuoc vao bac cua da thuc (duoc cap phat dong). Khi do hay cho biet cau khang dinh nao sau day la dung:”…”Bat buoc phai xay dung ham tao, ham huy va toan tu gan cho lop da thuc”
*Khi xay dung phuong thuc chong toan tu + cho lop phan so ta co khai bao nhu sau”Phanso Phanso :: operator+(Phanso P);”& vbCrLf & _
@y nghia cua tu Phanso dau tien trong khai bao la:”…Kieu du lieu tra ve cua phep cong hai phan so”
*Khi xay dung phuong thuc chong toan tu + cho lop phan so ta co khai bao nhu sau”Phanso Phanso :: operator+(Phanso P);”& vbCrLf & _
@y nghia cua tu Phanso thu hai trong khai bao la:”…Pham vi cua toan tu + (cua lop Phanso)
*Khi xay dung phuong thuc chong toan tu + cho lop phan so ta co khai bao nhu sau”Phanso Phanso :: operator+(Phanso P);”& vbCrLf & _
@y nghia cua tu Phanso thu ba trong khai bao la:”…Kieu du lieu cua tham so truyen vao”
*Cho doan chuong trinh sau:
@De thuc hien duoc loi goi C=A+B; trong doan chuong trinh tren, ta thuc hien xay dung phuong thuc nao sau day:”…PS operator+(PS P);”
*Cho bang Lop trong CSDL sql server, thuc hien ket noi den CSDL va lay du lieu ve bang lop de hien thi len Form. Ta can xay dung lop Lop hoc co cau truc nhu hinh duoi day”
@Hay chon phuong an cho biet thuoc tinh cua lop:”…”malop, tenlop,namvao, makhoa”
*Cho lop Lophoc nhu hinh duoi day
Lop Lophoc dung de ket noi den bang Lop trong CSDL SQL Server va lay du lieu va thuc thi mot so thao tac nhu update, delete, insert…
@Hay cho biet y nghia cua dong lenh:” _private string malop;”…Khai bao thuoc tinh maLop kieu chuoi”
*Cho lop Lophoc nhu hinh duoi day :
@Hay chon phuong an chinh xac noi ve y nghia cua phuong thuc public string Malop”..Ca (1) va (2)”
*Khi khai bao cac thanh phan thuoc tinh cua lop trong C#, dau moi cau lenh khai bao ta thuong khai bao:”…Pham vi cua thuoc tinh la private hay public hay protected”
*Cau truc thong thuong cua lop trong C# la:”…Khai bao cac truong du lieu can dung, Khai bao cac thuoc tinh va cac phuong thuc thiet lap, lay gia tri cua thuoc tinh, Khai bao va xay dung cac phuong thuc cua lop.”
*Cho lop Lophoc duoc khai bao nhu sau:
@Khi thuc hien khai bao doi tuong cua lop Lophoc: Lophoc obj1=new Lophoc(’Chuoi ket noi’). De thiet lap thuoc tinh maLop cua doi tuong obj1 ta su dung cau lenh:”…Thuc hien truy cap thong qua phuong thuc Malop da xay dung nhu sau: obj1.Malop=…”
*Thong thuong khi xay dung lop trong C#, voi moi khai bao thuoc tinh cua lop ta deu xay dung them hai phuong thuc set va get dung de:”…”Thiet lap va lay gia tri cua thuoc tinh do.”
*Cho lop Lophoc duoc khai bao nhu sau:
@Hay cho biet dieu gi xay ra neu thay cau lenh private string maLop thanh public string maLop:”…Ca (1) va (2)”
*Cho lop Lophoc duoc khai bao nhu sau:
@voi khai bao public Lophoc (string str); la khai bao:”…”Ham tao cua lop.(1)”
*Cho lop Lophoc duoc khai bao nhu sau:
@y nghia cua viec xay dung phuong thuc public Datatable getClasses():”…”Thuc hien truy van CSDL, tra ve bang Lop ”
*Thong thuong khi xay dung mot lop de ket noi toi CSDL va lay du lieu ve ta phai xay dung cac:”Tat ca cac phuong an”
*Cho lop duoc khai bao nhu sau:
@Hay cho biet y nghia cua khai bao public bool deleteClass() trong khai bao tren:”...Phuong thuc thuc hien truy van xoa trong bang CSDL”
*Cho hinh anh sau:
@Hinh anh goi cho ta ve:”..”Hien tuong nap chong phuong thuc, ham”
*Hay cho biet trong vi du sau
@Lop Convat duoc goi la:”…”Lop co so truu tuong”
*Hay cho biet trong vi du duoi day:
@Dong khai bao virtual void xungten() la:”…Khai bao mot phuong thuc ao”
*Cho doan chuong trinh khai bao nhu duoi day:
@Viec su dung tu khoa static dung truoc khai bao tongsohd, tongtienban co y nghia:”…”Khai bao cac thuoc tinh tinh, dung chung bo nho voi cac doi tuong khac nhau.”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop so nguyen nhu sau:
@Hay cho biet tai dong so 3 ban khai bao gi?”…”Khai bao ham tao khong doi cua lop so nguyen”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop so nguyen nhu sau:
@Hay cho biet tai dong so 5 ban khai bao gi?”…Khai bao ham tao sao chep cua lop so nguyen”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop so nguyen nhu sau:
@Ban co thuc hien khai bao toan tu tang truoc tai dong so:”…”14”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop so nguyen nhu sau:
@Ban co thuc hien khai bao toan tu tang sau tai dong so:”…Ban do khong khai bao toan tu tang sau”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop so nguyen nhu sau:
@Ban do co thuc hien xay dung nhap xuat cho so nguyen, Neu co son A; ta co the thuc goi nhap so nguyen A nay bang cach:”…”cin>>A;”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop duong thang AX+BY+C=0 nhu sau
@Va ban do co xay dung ham tao cho lop tai dong so 4. Hay xac dinh loai ham tao ma ban do da xay dung:”…Ham tao co tham so mac dinh”
*Mot ban xay dung lai lop duong thang AX+BY+C=0 nhu sau
@Va ban do co xay dung ham tao cho lop tai dong so 4. Ta nhan thay cac tham so truyen vao co ten trung voi ten thuoc tinh cua lop (A,B,C). De phan biet chung ta su dung:”..Con tro this”
*Mot ban xay dung lop Ciclre(hinh tron) ke thua lop point (diem) nhu sau
@Mot ban nhan xet chuong trinh se bi loi tai dong so 6 vi ban chua khai bao lop point.Hay xac dinh nhan xet nay:”…”Chuong trinh khong loi vi lop point da duoc xay dung tai thu vien diem.h o dong so 4”
*Mot ban xay dung lop Ciclre(hinh tron) ke thua lop point (diem) nhu sau
@De xac dinh duong tron ban can mot diem (tam) va ban kinh, tai sao ban nay chi xay dung duy nhat mot thuoc tinh ban kinh:”…”Vi diem (tam) duoc ke thua san tu lop point(diem)”
*Mot ban xay dung lop Ciclre(hinh tron) ke thua lop point (diem) nhu sau
@De nhap du lieu cho lop Hinh tron ban do da su dung:”…Ham ban toan tu nhap cin>>”
*Mot ban xay dung cau truc Stack duoi dang khai bao lop nhu sau:” & vbCrLf & _
@Hay cho biet du dinh xay dung lop Stack cua ban nay luu tru du lieu duoi dang nao:”…Khong xac dinh duoc”
*Neu A va B la hai lop thi voi khai bao lop C nhu sau:
@Lop C duoc goi la:”…”Lop bao cua A va B”
*Xet doan ma lenh sau:
@B su dung duoc cac bien thanh vien nao cua A:”…”F1, F2”
*Xet doan ma lenh sau
@B su dung duoc cac bien thanh vien nao cua A:”…”a,b,F1,F2”
*Xet doan ma lenh sau
@B su dung duoc cac bien thanh vien nao cua A:”…Khong su dung duoc bien thanh vien nao”
*Cho khai bao thanh phan cua lop A nhu sau, chon cau tra loi dung:”..Loi o dong (1).”
*Chon cac phuong an dung cho menh de sau:”& vbCrLf & _
@Trong cac phuong thuc cua lop dan xuat, co the truy nhap truc tiep toi:”…Cac thuoc tinh moi khai bao trong lop dan xuat.”
*De xay dung ham tao sao chep ta viet dong tieu de nhu sau:”… “Ten_Lop (const Ten_lop & tham_so);”
*Gia su cho cac lop nhu trong khai bao duoi day. Chi ra ket qua hien thi cua doan chuong trinh viet duoi day: “x = 1.5 va y = 2.5”
*class A la ban cua class B, class B la ban cua class C thi:”… “class B co the truy xuat den cac thanh vien private cua class C”
*Cho biet khang dinh dung nhat trong cac khang dinh sau:”…Ca hai dap an deu dung.”
*Toan tu nao co the duoc viet lai trong C++”… (toan tu gan)”
*Cho biet ket qua hien thi cua doan chuong trinh sau?”…Chuong trinh co loi, khong the hien thi ket qua.”
*Chon phat bieu dung trong cac phat bieu sau:”…Tat ca deu dung.”
*Khi da nang hoa toan tu nhap (trich dong) cho lop SP ta khai bao dong tieu de nhu sau:”… “friend istream & operator >>(istream & istr, SP &a);”
*Chon khang dinh dung:”…Kieu du lieu lop (class) la su mo rong cua kieu cau truc la co them thanh phan ham.”
*Chi ra cac dong lenh nao sai trong doan chuong trinh viet duoi day?”…Ca hai dong deu dung.”
*Cho biet ket qua hien thi cua doan chuong trinh sau?”… “a=5;”
*Khi da nang hoa toan tu xuat (chen dong) cho lop SP ta khai bao dong tieu de nhu sau:”…friend ostream & operator <<(ostream & ostr, SP a);”
*Cho biet khang dinh dung nhat trong cac khang dinh sau:”…Ta co the viet hoac khong viet ham tao khi khai bao doi tuong hang tuy thuoc tung truong hop”
*Cho biet gia tri in ra cua a.n?”… “Loi, khong in duoc a.n.”
*Cho khai bao thanh phan cua lop A nhu sau, cho biet ket qua hien thi khi chay doan chuong trinh?”...“x=5; y=8;”
*Ham ma bat ky lop nao cung co: ”… “Contructor”
*Phat bieu nao sau day la sai:”
“Mot lop luon luon co ham destructor”…Ham destructor co the la mot ham ao”
*Cho khai bao thanh phan cua lop A nhu sau, chon cau tra loi dung:”…Ca 3 khai bao la hop le.”
*Cho 2 lop Khi do, neu MyA la mot doi tuong lop A, muon thuc hien phuong thuc show cua lop B thi cau lenh nao duoi day la chap nhan duoc?”…MyA.B::show();”
*Cho khai bao lop nhu sau:
@Gia su trong ham main co khai bao doi tuong p nhu sau: A p;Cho biet cau lenh dung khi viet trong ham main:”… “cin>>p.z;”
*Cho biet khang dinh dung nhat trong cac khang dinh sau:”… “Mot lop A co the la ban cua nhieu lop.”
*Cho khai bao thanh phan cua cac lop nhu sau, chi ra loi trong phuong thuc nhap() cua lop HCN?”…Loi o ca 2 dong.”
*Chi ra cac dong lenh nao sai trong doan chuong trinh viet duoi day?”…Ca hai dong deu dung.”
*Phat bieu nao sau day la sai:”…Neu mot lop dan xuat khong co cai dat ham destructor thi ham destructor cua lop co so cung se khong duoc goi khi giai phong doi tuong thuoc lop dan xuat”
*Cho biet khang dinh dung nhat trong cac khang dinh sau:”…Ham ban co mot diem khac duy nhat so voi ham thong thuong la trong than ham co the truy xuat den cac thanh phan rieng cua lop.”
